What do google employees make.

What do google employees make The average salary of Google employees is $95,000 per year. May 22, 2023 · It isn’t surprising that a corporation of this size has to carefully consider how to motivate their staff and keep employees happy. 5 million in total compensation. 45% compared to the previous year. Though if you make principal engineer, your base can definitely hit those numbers. However, international relocations are more complex and usually involve a lot more paperwork. We want all candidates – from entry level to leadership – to have access to The average Google hourly pay ranges from approximately $10 per hour (estimate) for a Customer Service Representative to $100 per hour (estimate) for a Database Administrator. 12K Salaries (for 3K job titles) • Updated Sep 15, 2024. The highest salary package reported for an employee at Google Inc is $98,344 per year, meanwhile the highest salary package reported for an employee at Alto Logica LLC is $124,280 per year. Google Salaries - How Much Does Google Pay? Browse Google Salaries by Job Title Updated May 2, 2025. 8% of the company's workforce, while Hispanic/Latino account for 7. May 3, 2025 · Employees at Google earn an average of $290k, mostly ranging from $211k to $932k based on 14892 profiles. Google's management maintains the highest Apr 16, 2024 · Google understands that employees perform at their best when they have a healthy work-life balance. The average Google hourly pay ranges from approximately HK$40 per hour (estimate) for a Sales Assistant to HK$534 per hour (estimate) for a User Interface Designer. Mar 17, 2023 · Google's recognition and reward programmes are another way that the company tries to keep its employees going. Here are the top five reasons Google’s onboarding process works so well. With CurrencyFair, you don't have to lose out because of uncompetitive exchange rates and exorbitant fees when changing money from May 2, 2025 · Browse Google Salaries by Job Title →. You're assuming those are all tech positions since it's a tech company. Jul 21, 2023 · Insider obtained an internal spreadsheet that shows much Google employees were paid in 2022. Google’s employees are paid well, with the average salary being over $100,000 per year. Google And 91% of employees say they would recommend the job to a Jun 28, 2021 · Google has contracted Performance Paradigm to develop their own diversity, equity and inclusion programs, Examined Human and Digital Human. Google also offers opportunities to apply for completely remote work. How Much Do Google Employees Make? The average compensation for a Google employee is $189,747 per year. am/misserock Salary: $190,846 When you’re as large as Google, it’s especially important to make sure the company’s mission and How much do Google employees make? Glassdoor provides our best prediction for total pay in today's job market, along with other types of pay like cash bonuses, stock bonuses, profit sharing, sales commissions, and tips. Jan 28, 2025 · How much do Google employees make? Glassdoor provides our best prediction for total pay in today's job market, along with other types of pay like cash bonuses, stock bonuses, profit sharing, sales commissions, and tips. The highest-paid software engineers can make up to $718,000 a year in base salary, although most reported making between Salaries by job title at Google. Google may also be known as or be related to GOOGLE INC. May 5, 2021 · For more than 20 years, our employees have been coming to the office to solve interesting problems — in a cafe, around a whiteboard, or during a pickup game of beach volleyball or cricket. Here are some examples: Project Oxygen for reviewing management style. Beginning in May 2022, we’re taking a new approach called Googler Reviews and Development (GRAD), which will focus on employee development, learning and progression throughout the year. That is difficult to achieve in a company where employees often work long days and even weekends. At first, his colleagues were reluctant. The idea of employment at a place with such a high stock price is appealing, but it can also make the company less attractive to a new hire. See how much engineers, developers and thousands of other employees at the search engine company make. Nov 18, 2020 · Alphabet CFO Ruth Porat said Google is seeing employee productivity rise to pre-Covid levels again. Related information. Dec 27, 2021 · Unsurprisingly, a lot of engineers at Google make the big bucks, but many other roles will land you in the six figures. Salaries posted anonymously by Google employees. Our campuses have been at the heart of our Google community and the majority of our employees still want to be on campus some of the time. Google employees rate the overall compensation and benefits package 4. employees in South Africa is R320,532 in 2025. Employee Benefits and Perks at Google. Pros Nov 10, 2022 · So, how much do Google employees make? As with any company, Google employees’ salaries can fluctuate depending on their role, level of experience, and geographic location, but there are a few standout jobs that tend to pay more than the rest, on average. Nov 10, 2024 · The average salary for Google, Inc. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. But Google does it. Apr 25, 2024 · None of the information on this page has been provided or approved by Google. Jun 6, 2024 · Diverse Work Environment: Google celebrates diversity and inclusion, creating a work environment where people of all backgrounds and perspectives feel valued, respected, and empowered to succeed. Apr 23, 2025 · Google, Inc. The average Google hourly pay ranges from approximately $19 per hour (estimate) for a Warehouse Packer to $448 per hour (estimate) for a Managing Director. Here are a few things that Google is doing to help our people take care of their mental health during these difficult and uncertain times. , Google, Google Adwords, Google Inc, Google Inc. How much do Google employees make? Glassdoor provides our best prediction for total pay in today's job market, along with other types of pay like cash bonuses, stock bonuses, profit sharing, sales commissions, and tips. The average Google monthly salary ranges from approximately £2,061 per month for SEO Specialist to £7,039 per month for Programmer Analyst. can add attributes to their Business Profiles that customers can see in their listings on Google Search and Google Maps. Sep 13, 2018 · Google also allows employees to spend up to 20% of their working hours on developing their own innovative ideas, says Lucy Ford, professor of management at Saint Joseph’s University’s Haub Feb 17, 2025 · The average salary for Google, Inc. Amazon, and other companies pay their employees Apr 28, 2025 · A mid-level Google employee made $331,894 in 2024, a 5% increase from the median salary of $315,531 in 2023, per a new filing submitted by Google’s parent company, Alphabet, to the U. employees is $122,799 in 2025. fyi collects anonymous and verified salaries from current and former employees of Google. 25M per year for L9. Google is renowned for its employee benefits and How much do Google employees make? Glassdoor provides our best prediction for total pay in today's job market, along with other types of pay like cash bonuses, stock bonuses, profit sharing, sales commissions, and tips. While empowering employees to teach and learn from each other can offer tremendous benefits, it may also be impractical given the size of your organization. Apr 23, 2025 · The average salary for Google, Inc. Sep 5, 2022 · Google equity awards are granted in the form of restricted stock units (GSUs). Focus on impact: The company emphasizes creating meaningful work that has a positive and lasting impact on users, communities, and the world at large. Apr 28, 2025 · A mid-level Google employee made $331,894 in 2024, a 5% increase from the median salary of $315,531 in 2023, per a new filing submitted by Google's parent company, Alphabet, to the U. unsustainable. The company fosters a culture of continuous learning and development, empowering employees to innovate and grow. 64 an hour. Does the google employees have stock in the company? Google has shifted to more front-loaded vesting for its rsu grants for all employees globally business insider reported. What is the highest salary at Google? The highest-paying job at Google is an EVP Sales with a salary of $1,432,544 per year (estimate). Visit PayScale to research Google, Inc. Make sure your org size can support an employee-to-employee program. 107K Salaries (for 7K job titles) • Updated Nov 19, 2023. There are many benefits to proper onboarding. employees with the job title UX Researcher make the most with an average hourly rate of $47. Explore our innovative AI products and services, and discover how we're using technology to help improve lives around the world. May 6, 2021 · Sundar sent an email to Google employees on May 5 to communicate to the employees a vision of the post-pandemic workplace. The median yearly compensation in United States package totals $300K. ; Flexibility in work schedules and generous vacation policies at Google foster a strong work-life balance that supports both productivity and personal time. Aug 16, 2023 · Google Salary Structure in India. How much does Google in Australia pay? The average Google salary ranges from approximately $65,833 per year for Intern to $217,989 per year for Staff Software Engineer. Your offer letter will give a USD denominated value for the equity award. Google provides extensive insurance and death benefits to its employees and their families. As a Noogler (new Google employee), you typically receive your equity grant the first Wednesday after the first month in which you begin work. We’ve decided to reduce our workforce by approximately 12,000 roles. Work-from-anywhere: 4 weeks per year. What is the average salary for Google employees in the United States? Google employees earn $71,000 annually on average, or $34 per hour, which is 7% higher than the national salary average of $66,000 per Oct 25, 2017 · Google employees make a median salary of $140,000, and employees say they get healthy bonuses, stock options, and 401k matching. Google, like many Silicon Valley companies, gives each of its new employees stock options, as well as a smaller number of shares of Google stock, as a recruiting incentive. Insider crunched the numbers to find the highest base salaries for US-based roles at the tech giant. 4/5 stars. Salary information comes from 708 data points collected directly from employees, users, and past and present job advertisements on Indeed in the past 36 months. 0lakhs per year to ₹214. Get the Most Value from Your Google Benefits and Compensation Package. Each day, there is a new challenge that we may encounter. 1 day ago · Google's salary ranges from $20,100 in total compensation per year for a Geological Engineer in China at the low-end to $2,450,000 for a Product Manager in United States at the high-end. S. Aug 28, 2015 · Google employees with the Android Gingerbread statigr. A free inside look at Google salary trends based on 635 salaries wages for 303 jobs at Google. Although the name is different, it is the same as RSU's. Apr 26, 2025 · Do Google employees make a lot of money? Half of Google salaries are above $134,386 . In this in-depth guide, we‘ll break down everything you need to know about Google salaries. The information technology company uses needs analysis to design training programs aimed at supporting an innovative workforce. This way of doing things helps to create a culture of excellence and encourages people to work hard to achieve their goals. Although we’ve ditched the Lego servers and added just a few more company dogs, our passion for building technology for everyone has stayed with us — from the dorm room, to the garage, and to Google is known for taking care of its employees and not just physically or emotionally - they care for their employees' well-being too. So people can see if businesses are veteran-owned , women-owned , disabled-owned , LGBTQ+ owned , Asian-owned , Black-owned , Latino-owned , Indigenous-owned , wheelchair-accessible , and LGBTQ See also Google's EEO Policy, Know your rights: workplace discrimination is illegal, Belonging at Google, and How we hire. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average salary for an application software developer was $93,000 in 2012. Do Google Inc employees get a higher salary than other similar companies? The salary at Google Inc is lesser than Alto Logica LLC. Securities and Exchange Commission. Googlers, I have some difficult news to share. Hi Everyone! 1st Question here :)– Companies Offering ~25 LPA for 4. Jan 15, 2024 · Google’s campuses boast on-site fitness centers and healthy dining options, making it convenient for employees to maintain physical health. Google has a robust performance management process that encourages employee engagement, feedback, and a strong performance culture. 7 cents for every dollar their male counterparts make. Finally, people analytics is crucial to Google’s employee engagement program. Two things that Google does right with nudges are: They keep it simple and easy to May 10, 2023 · The 2022 ratio for Pichai’s total compensation compared to the median Alphabet employee was 808 to 1, according to Google’s filing with the U. Photograph by Alex 4 days ago · 3,734 reviews from Google employees about Google culture, salaries, benefits, work-life balance, management, job security, and more. 60% of Google employees are male and 40% are female. Apr 27, 2025 · The average Google salary ranges from approximately $71,037 per year for IT Support to $255,930 per year for Director of Security. Oct 3, 2022 · We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Throughout the year, Google provides its employees and executives with updates about their benefits ranging from health insurance and health savings plans to retirement plans like a 401(k), deferred compensation plans, and stock options. 3609 employees at Google rank their Compensation in the Top 5% of similar sized companies on Comparably (based on 11078 ratings) while 3444 employees at Google rank their Perks And Benefits in the Top 5% of similar sized companies on Comparably (based on 3708 Jan 20, 2023 · Sundar sent the following email to Google employees earlier today. This is the equivalent of $1,145/week or $4,963/month. employees in India is ₹1,059,381 in 2025. 5 years experienced Azure Data Engineer(CCTC of 12 LPA), which companies (excluding tech giants like Google, Microsoft, Amazon, etc) are offering compensation in the range of 25 LPA or above?(let me know some names for which hiring process is not V difficult) Would Today, Google makes hundreds of products used by billions of people across the globe, from YouTube and Android to Gmail and, of course, Google Search. It's usually $300k total compensation, not base salary. 72, while employees with the title User Experience Researcher make the least with an The average Google hourly pay ranges from approximately £1 per hour (estimate) for a Golf Caddy to £100 per hour (estimate) for a Lead Design Engineer. Jan 13, 2022 · A Google director of engineering with 16 years of experience at Amazon, Apple and PayPal, said they earn $1. Feb 18, 2022 · Insider has sifted through data from 2021 to discover how much Google is paying for roles across engineering, policy, hardware, and more. Mar 6, 2023 · Google, one of the tech giants of Silicon Valley, often sets the standard for compensation in the tech industry. then I do think it’s tough to do that at Google. Google expects that 60% of its employees will be on-site for a few days a week, with 20% working in new office locations and 20% working from home. Salaries at Google, Inc. . Levels. We’ve already sent a separate email to employees in the US who are affected. It’s a top employer and a dream workplace for many tech enthusiasts worldwide. The Googler shared how they were recruited and offered Feb 8, 2018 · 3. Business owners in the U. 1 day ago · Software Engineer compensation in United States at Google ranges from $186K per year for L3 to $2. salaries, bonuses, reviews, benefits, and more! Sep 21, 2015 · The TechStop is Google in-house tech support shop, it provides Google employees guidance with all hardware and software needs and problems 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Jan 3, 2025 · Empowering employees: Google empowers its workforce by promoting autonomy and encouraging employees to take ownership of their projects, fostering creativity and initiative across all levels. 18,000 recent new Google layoffs will also agree with me that this is, err. The company has a relatively small group of employees -- more than May 17, 2022 · A Google employee works inside the company's new Pier 57 office in New York on April 20, 2022. Aug 20, 2023 · 29 is the median Google employee age. As per U. May 1, 2025 · According to Google's latest available data, the largest % of Google employees are white at 46. 6lakhs per year based on 1737 profiles. Below, we take a closer look at how Google's employees by ethnicity have changed since 2017: Business owners in the U. Last updated: 5/10/2025. Google has always focused on being a place where employees can build and grow their careers—from the day you start work as an employee. How much does Google in the United Kingdom pay? The average Google salary ranges from approximately £28,843 per year for Sales Assistant to £117,313 per year for Head of Marketing. How does Google motivate their employees? Google motivates their employees with flexibility, free perks, health and happiness benefits and the ‘150 Feet from Food Rule’. Feb 6, 2025 · For those who work at Google, RSUs will be part of the package you are offered upon being hired, and you’ll likely receive refreshers which will add to your unvested shares during your performance reviews. 3%. After running a survey, Google discovered that employees — mostly engineers and millennials — didn’t like managers for two reasons: May 3, 2025 · How much do Google employees make? Employees at Google earn an average of ₹62. Create and edit web-based documents, spreadsheets, and presentations. View the base salary, stock, and bonus breakdowns for Google's total compensation packages. Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Aug 30, 2023 · Google's base salary is not small -- and that doesn't account for equity and bonuses. Learn more about Google. Its RSUs used to vest evenly over four years (25% yearly). , Google Inc. 4059 employees at Google rank their Compensation in the Top 5% of similar sized companies on Comparably (based on 12423 ratings) while 3869 employees at Google rank their Perks And Benefits in the Top 5% of similar sized companies on Comparably (based on 4146 ratings). pay? Google, Inc. Sign in to Google Chat and access powerful group messaging for personal and professional collaboration from Google Workspace. Does Google Give RSUs to Employees? Google compensation packages are made up of three key items: salaries, bonuses, and stock. The top 10% of employees earn more than ₹109. They make no decision without data input from employees. A communications manager joined Google for $251,000. Ladders estimates are based on our calculations. Highest Paying Jobs at Google in 5 days ago · Nevertheless, Google is also known for its supportive and collaborative culture, providing employees with the resources and opportunities to grow both personally and professionally. Whatever city you find yourself in as a Google employee, the goal is to make your salary go further. But what are the income levels at Google? How much do Google employees make? How Does Google Determine its Employees’ Income Levels? Apr 29, 2025 · A mid-level Google employee made $331,894 in 2024, a 5% increase from the median salary of $315,531 in 2023, per a new filing submitted by Google’s parent company, Alphabet, to the U. Google does this by offering financial benefits, including a 401K match, a deferred compensation plan to decrease taxes on bonuses, and with Google RSUs. Through shared experiences and community building, the Jun 11, 2017 · So, in 2007, Tan launched Search Inside Yourself, a 7-week mindfulness meditation course for Google employees. Google Salary Level by Ethnicity How much do Google employees make? Glassdoor provides our best prediction for total pay in today's job market, along with other types of pay like cash bonuses, stock bonuses, profit sharing, sales commissions, and tips. 9K Salaries (for 2K job titles) • Updated Sep 5, 2024. 2K Salaries (for 590 job titles) • Updated Aug 11, 2024. May 31, 2019 · Paul Pellman, a former Google employee and now CEO of people management solution Kazoo, said Google can create a better work environment for its contract staff by over-communicating and making Dec 13, 2022 · The company has an official culture code which guides its employees to do good deeds. com/?ref=zdlhythTaking a Apr 28, 2022 · Again, the real value of these salaries has to accommodate the high cost of living in London. A hardware engineering manager in California was recently offered $242,000. Sep 27, 2022 · Google pays salaries as high as $1 million a year. 5 YOE Azure Data Engineer (Excluding Tech Giants) To a 4. Simplified and timely nudges. The Jan 11, 2023 · Google allows employees to make career changes within the company and provides advanced training. expand_more. It lets the employees design their desks or workstations. Jun 22, 2022 · A software engineer can make $280,000. Sep 17, 2018 · “Companies like Google have invested more in employee support and employee satisfaction has risen as a result. 4K Salaries (for 1K job titles) • Updated 25 Sep 2024. Everything I’ve set aside, I do think Google is a cool place to work, and definitely a place where you will experience things that you won’t experience that any medium or small company. 34K Salaries (for 2K job titles) • Updated Sep 8, 2024. How much does Google, Inc. For Google, it rose by 37%; they know what they are talking about. The data presented on this page does not represent the view of Google and its employees or that of Zippia. From flexible working hours to on-site amenities such as gyms, restaurants, and nap pods, Google provides an environment that supports work-life integration. Does Google encourage burnout among its employees? Google is known for fostering a culture of creativity, innovation, and experimentation while ensuring employee well-being and work-life balance. 5lakhs, mostly ranging from ₹40. Google is just a fun place and doesn't feel like work. 2. Trust that employees are smart, capable and motivated — they have the capacity to grow Google’s learning culture. Securities The average Google hourly pay ranges from approximately $19 per hour (estimate) for a Warehouse Packer to $448 per hour (estimate) for a Managing Director. Asian Google employees make up 44. A Fun Environment. This gives the employees the opportunity to make international moves. 2K Salaries (for 766 job titles) • Updated 15 Sept 2024. Google's Vesting Schedule may vary between monthly and quarterly vesting depending on the number of shares you recieve: less than 32 GSUs (Annually), 32 - 63 GSUs (Semi-annually), 64 - 159 GSUs (Quarterly) and 160+ GSUs (Monthly). Career Compensation. What is the highest salary at Google? The highest-paying job at Google is a Content Marketing Manager with a salary of £999,513 per year (estimate). Here are some of the top salaries at Google: Research Scientist – $167,427 Meet Googlers and interns from around the world and learn about their work, culture, career paths and everything else that makes up life at Google. The average Google monthly salary ranges from approximately $7,115 per month for Environmental Health and Safety Specialist to $26,136 per month for Head of Finance. When you see the pictures of the workplace, it seems an interesting adult play and work area and not a dull and lifeless space. Of course, Google doesn’t compromise on the quality of work and skills, but it gives employees the option to switch careers and provides required training to make a seamless transition. Google encourages its managers to give feedback and praise to employees who do a good job on a regular basis. Does Google Offer an International Relocation Package? In 2022, the total number of employees in Google’s parent company Alphabet was 190,234, across the globe. Google promotes autonomy and independence, allowing employees to take ownership and make impactful decisions. Google offers various initiatives, such as mindfulness classes, mental health support, on-site fitness facilities, and team building activities, to . More about us. Salaries by job title at Google. But what do its employees think? Let’s take a look at a few anonymous Glassdoor reviews to see what Google’s employees are saying. These findings are based on a spreadsheet shared with Google employees in 2017 that contained salary and bonus information. Google is proud to be an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer. They're non-management roles too. So people can see if businesses are veteran-owned , women-owned , disabled-owned , LGBTQ+ owned , Asian-owned , Black-owned , Latino-owned , Indigenous-owned , wheelchair-accessible , and LGBTQ We know hiring processes can seem overwhelming, but we don’t want you to feel overwhelmed at Google. Feb 15, 2024 · Google, Inc. The company offers various wellness programs and benefits to help employees manage stress and maintain a healthy work-life balance. However if you’re looking to really grow in your career, I sent a higher positions, etc. 2%. (1998–2017) and Google LLC. Google Company Salary Structure:. Apr 28, 2025 · A mid-level Google employee made $331,894 in 2024, a 5% increase from the median salary of $315,531 in 2023, per a new filing submitted by Google’s parent company, Alphabet, to the U. Supporting Employee Mental Health and Well-being Benefits@Google Overview We are all learning how to cope with a global crisis. May 16, 2022 · Google provide its employees with challenging and exciting work and make their work breaks filled with fun activities like bowling and wall climbing. employees with the job title Senior Software Engineer make the most with an average annual salary of C$102,170, while employees with the title Software Engineer make the least with an Jun 8, 2023 · According to an article published by The New York Times, Google female employees make 99. Google offers top-notch healthcare, with $0 premiums and a deductible cap of $1000 annually including any hospitalization for any reason. May 23, 2024 · What Google Employees Are Saying. Jul 21, 2023 · The median total compensation for a Google employee in 2022 was $279,802. Feb 11, 2025 · Why Google’s onboarding is a hit: Vital elements. Jan 22, 2025 · How much do Google employees make? Glassdoor provides our best prediction for total pay in today's job market, along with other types of pay like cash bonuses, stock bonuses, profit sharing, sales commissions, and tips. Half of Google salaries are above $135,386. A director of software engineering can make nearly $400,000. 1. At Google, the employees are urged to collaborate. Nov 16, 2024 · Google’s (Alphabet’s) human resource management practices cover effective employee training programs, as well as performance management to maximize human resource capabilities. Give it a try: https://www. The number of employees increased by 821 or 0. 5 days ago · Alphabet, the parent company of Google, had 183,323 employees as of December 31, 2024. As organizations look to the postpandemic future, How much does a Google Employee make? As of Apr 26, 2025, the average annual pay for a Google Employee in the United States is $59,563 a year. How Many Employees Does Google Have in 2025? May 3, 2025 · Google commonly refers to RSU as GSU (Google Stock Unit). Apr 4, 2022 · Google offers incredible health insurance. pays its employees an average of ₤62,299 a year. Google has always tried to push the boundaries of its workspace. Our model gets smarter over time as more people share salaries on Glassdoor. Google is asking most of its employees to come into the office three days a week. Mar 29, 2013 · Google has been keeping the pipeline of innovation going by tapping its employees and letting ideas percolate up, Bock said. The average Google hourly pay ranges from approximately $10 per hour (estimate) for a Customer Engineer to $59,850 per hour (estimate) for a Programme Analyst. Nudges, when executed with care, are highly effective. tryexponent. Just in case you need a simple salary calculator, that works out to be approximately $28. Collaboration of coworkers. Google’s workforce is very diverse, with employees from over 100 countries speaking over 60 languages. Store documents online and access them from any computer. Jul 27, 2024 · Google implements a robust system of employee recognition and rewards to motivate and incentivize its workforce. With employees from all walks of life and backgrounds, Google fosters a culture of creativity, empathy, and respect. range from an average of ₤31,566 to ₤108,968 a year. salaries, bonuses, reviews, benefits, and more! Google employees rate the overall compensation and benefits package 4. We are committed to building a workforce that is representative of the users we serve, creating a culture of belonging Find Salaries by Job Title at Google. The average Google hourly pay ranges from approximately $5 per hour (estimate) for a Security Officer to $2,001 per hour (estimate) for an Accountant. In other countries, this process will take longer due to local laws and practices. // Best mock interview tool that I've used to practice for Big Tech interviews (and passed!). 5lakhs per year. Google will also pay $1000 into an HSA to cover expenses. salaries, bonuses, reviews, benefits, and more! Oct 5, 2024 · Compensation at Google involves a complex interplay of base salary, bonuses, equity, and benefits that can vary widely based on role, level, performance, and location. A climate market strategy and investments Mar 5, 2025 · FAQs About Google, Inc. hhyfwrwg gtzfynj tkne wmupkbtmg grif cftfz apl qmfwj ebhwz bcspg yrnkmw rfw lxlorsq qvknrw dba